Anatomy Exceptions

TONGUE

All intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue are supplied by the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII), except for one of the extrinsic muscles, palatoglossus, which is innervated by CN X (VAGUS).

SOFT PALATE

All the muscles of the soft palate receive their motor supply from the vagus nerve (X), except the tensor veli palatini which is supplied by medial pterygoid nerve (branch of mandibular nerve). 

MUSCLES OF MASTICATION 

All the muscles of mastication receive their motor supply from the mandibular nerve (V3), except the Geniohyoid which is supplied by C1 via cranial nerve XII.

EXOCRINE GLAND OF HNF

All the exocrine glands in the head and neck receive their parasympathetic supply via the facial nerve (VII) via submandibular ganglion, except the Parotid gland.

LARYNX

All intrinsic muscles of larynx, except cricothyroid, are innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve with fibres from the accessory nerve (CN XI). The external laryngeal nerve supplies the cricothyroid muscle.

PHARYNX


The pharyngeal plexus (with fibers from CN IX, CN X, and cranial part of CN XI) innervates all the muscles of the pharynx (except stylopharyngeus, which is innervated directly by a branch of CN IX (Glossopharyngeal).

PAROTID GLAND

Unlike the other exocrine glands in the head and neck, the parotid gland receives its parasympathetic supply from the Glossopharyngeal nerve via the Ottic ganglion

MANDIBULAR NERVE

When we grit our teeth, we employ the mandibular nerve. This nerve also supplies Tensor veli palatini & Tensor tympani.

NASAL CAVITY

Sensory supply from the external nose and nasal cavity is via CN V1 & V2.

Parasympathetic supply to the nasal cavity and palate is via CN VII via the Pterygopalatine ganglion

TONGUE

Tactile sensory supply from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue is via CN V3 (Mandibular nerve).

Both tactile and taste sensory supply from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue is via CN IX.

Parasympathetic supply to the tongue is via CN VII via the Submandibular ganglion.

PALATE

Sensory supply from the palate is via CN V2 (Maxillary nerve).